Skip to main content

Hear, see, etc + object + verb form

I heard him go/going.​

Hear, see, watch, notice and similar verbs of perception can be followed by object + infinitive (without to) or object + -ing form.

  • I heard him go down the stairs. OR I heard him going down the stairs. (not I heard him went down the stairs.)

There is often a difference of meaning. After these verbs, an infinitive suggests that we hear or see the whole of an action or event; an -ing form suggests that we hear or see something in progress, going on. Compare:

  • I saw her cross the road. (= I saw her cross it from one side to the other.)
    I saw her crossing the road. (= I saw her in the middle, on her way across.)
  • I once heard him give a talk on Japanese politics.
    As I walked past his room I heard him talking on the phone.
  • Watch me jump over the stream.
    I like to watch people walking in the street.
  • I heard the bomb explode. (not I heard the bomb exploding.)
    I saw the book lying on the table. (not I saw the book lie …)

A progressive form can suggest repetition.

  • I saw her throwing stones at the other children.

After can see/hear (which refer to actions and events that are in progress, (see here), only the -ing structure is used.

  • I could see Jack getting on the bus. (not I could see Jack get …)

These structures can be used after passive forms of hear and see. In this case, the infinitive has to.

  • He was never heard to say ‘thank you’ in his life. (not He was never heard say …)
  • Justice must not only be done; it must be seen to be done.
  • She was seen walking away from the accident.

Passive forms of watch and notice are not used in this way.

Possessives not used​

After these verbs, possessives cannot be used with -ing forms.

  • I saw Chloe talking to Mia. (not I saw Chloe’s talking to Mia.)

I heard my name repeated.​

In this structure, the past participle has a passive meaning.

  • I heard my name repeated several times. (= My name was repeated.)
  • Have you ever seen a television thrown through a window?

The idea of ‘action or event in progress’ can be given by a progressive form (being + past participle).

  • As I watched the tree being cut down …
  • I woke up to hear the bedroom door being opened slowly.

Look at him eating!​

Look at can be followed by object + -ing form, and in American English also by object + infinitive.

  • Look at him eating!
  • Look at him eat! (AmE)
note

For more about verbs that can be followed by both infinitives and -ing forms, (see here).

For the difference between hear and listen, (see here).

For see, look and watch, (see here).